🐳 Deploy Docker on Hetzner with GitHub Actions

# .github/workflows/deploy.yml
name: Deploy Docker to Hetzner VPS

on:
  push:
    branches:
      - main

env:
  REGISTRY: ghcr.io
  IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository }}

jobs:
  build-and-deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
      packages: write

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Log in to GitHub Container Registry
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

      - name: Extract metadata for Docker
        id: meta
        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
        with:
          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
          tags: |
            type=sha,prefix={{branch}}-
            type=raw,value=latest,enable={{is_default_branch}}

      - name: Build and push Docker image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
          context: .
          push: true
          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
          cache-from: type=registry,ref=${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}:buildcache
          cache-to: type=registry,ref=${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}:buildcache,mode=max

      - name: Deploy to Hetzner VPS
        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@v1.0.3
        with:
          host: ${{ secrets.HETZNER_HOST }}
          username: ${{ secrets.HETZNER_USERNAME }}
          key: ${{ secrets.HETZNER_SSH_KEY }}
          script: |
            # Login to GitHub Container Registry
            echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin

            # Pull latest image
            docker pull ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}:latest

            # Stop and remove old container
            docker-compose -f /opt/myapp/docker-compose.yml down || true

            # Start new container
            cd /opt/myapp
            docker-compose up -d

            # Clean up old images
            docker image prune -af

# docker-compose.yml (on server at /opt/myapp/docker-compose.yml)
version: '3.8'

services:
  app:
    image: ghcr.io/YOUR_USERNAME/YOUR_REPO:latest
    container_name: myapp
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "80:3000"
      - "443:3000"
    environment:
      - NODE_ENV=production
      - PORT=3000
    volumes:
      - ./data:/app/data
    networks:
      - app-network
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:3000/health"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3

networks:
  app-network:
    driver: bridge

# Dockerfile
FROM node:20-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

FROM node:20-alpine
WORKDIR /app
RUN apk add --no-cache curl
COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist
COPY --from=builder /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY package*.json ./
EXPOSE 3000
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
  CMD curl -f http://localhost:3000/health || exit 1
CMD ["node", "dist/index.js"]